{"id":1646,"date":"2023-04-30T21:45:59","date_gmt":"2023-04-30T21:45:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gerfanova.eu\/historie-profese-nutricniho-terapeuta\/"},"modified":"2023-04-30T22:49:49","modified_gmt":"2023-04-30T22:49:49","slug":"historie-profese-nutricniho-terapeuta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gerfanova.eu\/cs\/historie-profese-nutricniho-terapeuta\/","title":{"rendered":"Historie profese nutri\u010dn\u00edho terapeuta"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Kdy se z v\u00fduky v\u00fd\u017eivy stala odborn\u00e1 v\u011bda?<\/h2>\n

Pod\u00edvejme se do historie. V\u00fdzkum potravin a jejich vlivu na zdrav\u00ed lid\u00ed sah\u00e1 a\u017e do starov\u011bk\u00fdch civilizac\u00ed, kde byl v\u00fdznam potravin a jejich role ve zdrav\u00ed a prevenci nemoc\u00ed uzn\u00e1n a prok\u00e1z\u00e1n prax\u00ed. V souvislosti s t\u00edm jsme mo\u017en\u00e1 sly\u0161eli o \u00c1jurv\u00e9d\u011b a jej\u00edm vlivu na zdrav\u00ed lid\u00ed.  Modern\u00ed profese nutri\u010dn\u00edho specialisty se v\u0161ak datuje od konce 19. a po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed, kdy nov\u00e9 poznatky a v\u00fdzkumy v oblasti chemie, fyziologie a medic\u00edny vedly k lep\u0161\u00edmu pochopen\u00ed \u017eivin a jejich role v lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble.<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed profesn\u00ed organizace souvisej\u00edc\u00ed se studijn\u00edm oborem zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdm na v\u00fd\u017eivu ( zku\u0161enosti z USA).<\/span><\/h3>\n

Na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed se v\u00fdzkum v oblasti v\u00fd\u017eivy zam\u011b\u0159oval p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na studium jednotliv\u00fdch \u017eivin, jako jsou vitaminy a miner\u00e1ln\u00ed l\u00e1tky, a jejich vlivu na zdrav\u00ed. Objev z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u017eivin, jako je vitamin C a vitamin D a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch, otev\u0159el novou cestu k vypracov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fdch sm\u011brnic a doporu\u010den\u00ed pro udr\u017een\u00ed optim\u00e1ln\u00edho zdrav\u00ed, tak\u00e9 otev\u0159el cestu k identifikaci nedostatku \u017eivin a nemoc\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s t\u00edmto faktorem.<\/p>\n

Druh\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 obdob\u00ed ve v\u00fdvoji odborn\u00e9 problematiky v\u00fd\u017eivy za\u010dalo v obdob\u00ed Velk\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 krize ve 30. letech 20. stolet\u00ed, kdy obavy z podv\u00fd\u017eivy a nedostatku potravin vedly ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech k zaveden\u00ed vl\u00e1dou financovan\u00fdch v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fdch program\u016f, jako byl nap\u0159\u00edklad N\u00e1rodn\u00ed program \u0161koln\u00edch ob\u011bd\u016f a Program dopl\u0148kov\u00e9 v\u00fd\u017eivy (Commodity Supplemental Food Program). Tyto programy poskytovaly v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9 potraviny ohro\u017een\u00fdm skupin\u00e1m obyvatel, jako jsou d\u011bti a rodiny s n\u00edzk\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edjmy.<\/p>\n

V polovin\u011b 20. stolet\u00ed za\u010dala vznikat profese nutri\u010dn\u00edho specialisty jako samostatn\u00fd obor studia a praxe. V roce 1917 byla zalo\u017eena Americk\u00e1 dietologick\u00e1 asociace, nyn\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako Akademie v\u00fd\u017eivy a dietetiky, kter\u00e1 se stala prvn\u00ed profesn\u00ed organizac\u00ed dietolog\u016f ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech. V pades\u00e1t\u00fdch a \u0161edes\u00e1t\u00fdch letech 20. stolet\u00ed z\u00edskala profese nutri\u010dn\u00edho specialisty uzn\u00e1n\u00ed jako kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd hr\u00e1\u010d ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m zdravotnictv\u00ed se zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm na prevenci chronick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm zdrav\u00fdch stravovac\u00edch n\u00e1vyk\u016f a zm\u011bny \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu. ve skute\u010dnosti, pokud se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na glob\u00e1ln\u00ed pohled na pokrok ve v\u00fdzkumu v oblasti v\u00fd\u017eivy, m\u016f\u017eeme identifikovat stejn\u00e9 procesy t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed evropsk\u00e9 odborn\u00e9 organizace souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s oborem studia problematiky v\u00fd\u017eivy.<\/span><\/h3>\n

Nap\u0159\u00edklad v Evrop\u011b je historie profese nutri\u010dn\u00edho specialisty \u00fazce spjata s rozvojem ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed a uzn\u00e1n\u00edm role v\u00fd\u017eivy v prevenci a l\u00e9\u010db\u011b nemoc\u00ed. Na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed se evrop\u0161t\u00ed odborn\u00edci na v\u00fd\u017eivu zam\u011b\u0159ovali na studium jednotliv\u00fdch \u017eivin a jejich vlivu na zdrav\u00ed, podobn\u011b jako jejich kolegov\u00e9 ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech.<\/p>\n

B\u011bhem druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky vedly obavy z nedostatku potravin a podv\u00fd\u017eivy v mnoha evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch ke vzniku n\u00e1rodn\u00edch program\u016f pro v\u00fd\u017eivu, nap\u0159\u00edklad Britsk\u00e9ho ministerstva pro potraviny a Nizozemsk\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu pro bezpe\u010dnost potravin a spot\u0159ebn\u00edho zbo\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n

V pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed se t\u011b\u017ei\u0161t\u011b evropsk\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu v oblasti v\u00fd\u017eivy p\u0159esunulo ke studiu \u00falohy stravy v prevenci a l\u00e9\u010db\u011b chronick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, jako jsou srde\u010dn\u00ed choroby a rakovina. V 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ed byla zah\u00e1jena rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 studie EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition), do n\u00ed\u017e se zapojilo v\u00edce ne\u017e p\u016fl milionu \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f z 10 evropsk\u00fdch zem\u00ed a kter\u00e1 zkoumala souvislost mezi stravou, \u017eivotn\u00edm stylem a rakovinou.<\/p>\n

Modern\u00ed doba.<\/span><\/h3>\n

V 21. stolet\u00ed se v Evrop\u011b rozv\u00edj\u00ed profese nutri\u010dn\u00edho specialisty, kter\u00e1 se zam\u011b\u0159uje na personalizovanou v\u00fd\u017eivu a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed technologi\u00ed k podpo\u0159e zdrav\u00fdch stravovac\u00edch n\u00e1vyk\u016f. V roce 2015 vydala Evropsk\u00e1 komise Evropskou zpr\u00e1vu o v\u00fd\u017eiv\u011b a zdrav\u00ed, kter\u00e1 poskytuje p\u0159ehled o stavu v\u00fd\u017eivy a zdrav\u00ed v Evrop\u011b a uv\u00e1d\u00ed strategick\u00e1 doporu\u010den\u00ed na podporu zdrav\u00fdch stravovac\u00edch n\u00e1vyk\u016f.<\/p>\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se profese nutri\u010dn\u00edho specialisty nad\u00e1le se rozv\u00edj\u00ed a roz\u0161i\u0159uje, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e se st\u00e1le v\u00edce zam\u011b\u0159uje na personalizovanou v\u00fd\u017eivu a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed technologi\u00ed k podpo\u0159e zdrav\u00fdch stravovac\u00edch n\u00e1vyk\u016f. S rozvojem nov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed v potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu nab\u00fdv\u00e1 na v\u00fdznamu i vliv a \u00faloha profese nutri\u010dn\u00edho specialisty. Odborn\u00edci na v\u00fd\u017eivu pracuj\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch oblastech, v\u010detn\u011b zdravotnictv\u00ed, vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u00fdzkumu a ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed, a hraj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v podpo\u0159e zdrav\u00ed a prevenci chronick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a poradenstv\u00ed v oblasti v\u00fd\u017eivy. V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b se pot\u00fdk\u00e1me s velk\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdch informac\u00ed o bezpe\u010dnosti potravin, vlivu r\u016fzn\u00fdch kombinac\u00ed \u017eivin na zdrav\u00ed a vedouc\u00ed \u00faloha v tom, jak poskytnout personalizovan\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9mu \u010dlov\u011bku, pat\u0159\u00ed nutri\u010dn\u00edm specialist\u016fm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kdy se z v\u00fduky v\u00fd\u017eivy stala odborn\u00e1 v\u011bda? Pod\u00edvejme se do historie. V\u00fdzkum potravin a jejich vlivu na zdrav\u00ed lid\u00ed sah\u00e1 a\u017e do starov\u011bk\u00fdch civilizac\u00ed, kde byl v\u00fdznam potravin a jejich role ve zdrav\u00ed a prevenci nemoc\u00ed uzn\u00e1n a prok\u00e1z\u00e1n prax\u00ed. V souvislosti s t\u00edm jsme mo\u017en\u00e1 sly\u0161eli o \u00c1jurv\u00e9d\u011b a jej\u00edm vlivu na zdrav\u00ed […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1543,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"yst_prominent_words":[],"class_list":["post-1646","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-cs","entry","has-media","owp-thumbs-layout-horizontal","owp-btn-normal","owp-tabs-layout-horizontal","has-no-thumbnails","has-product-nav"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gerfanova.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1646","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gerfanova.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gerfanova.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gerfanova.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gerfanova.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1646"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gerfanova.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1646\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gerfanova.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1543"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gerfanova.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1646"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gerfanova.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1646"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gerfanova.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1646"},{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gerfanova.eu\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=1646"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}